Pressure-burner.



B. JOTTRAND, DEG'D;

J. B, JOTTBAND, WIDOW JOTI'BAND, KBSOOIATH GUARDIAN 0 THE HEIRS- AT-LAW.

- I 3253x121: BURNER. H

-' DPLIOATIOH nub 00T.12 ,19o5.

, 915,714; Patentd Mar. 16, 1909.

UNITED STATES PATENT enema FELIX JOTTRAND, or UCGLE, NEAR BRUSSELS, BELGIUM; JULIA; RENARD JOTTRANDWWI'DOW 'OF SAID FELIX JOTTRAND, DECEASED, AND AUGUSTE JOTTRAND, ASSOCIATE GUARDIAN OF THE HEIRS-AT-LAW, assreuons T0 socrn'rn ANONYME L oxnrnnloue INTERNA- TIONALE, A CORPORATION OF BELGIUM.

ranssimn-nuimnn.

To all 'whom. it may concern." a

Be 1t known that I, FELIX 'JOTTRAND', a subject of-Beigium, residing at Uccle, near Brussels, Rue e IOrangerie, in theKingdom of Belgium, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pressure-Burners, of'whic-h the following is a specification.-

This invention relates to new or improved appai'atus for mixing a combustible gas and a as adapted to su port combustion.

iv d

hen it is desire to effect thesoldering pr'fusion of metal by means of a blow-pipe m whlch two gases are mixed, one gas being combustible, such as hgdrogen, coal-gas, acetylene, or vaporized ydro-carbon, and

4 the other a gas adapted-to support combustion, such as oxygen or atmospheric air, the danger always exists that the flame produced e end of'the blow-pipe may propagate itself and flash-back into'the said tube. To roduce this eflectit is suflicient if the veloclty of the gas decreases, since as soon as this velocity becomes less than the velocity of propagation of the flame the latter flashes ack intothe pipe. Inside the latter the gas then continues to burn,'since the pipe con-, tainsall the elementsnecessary to feed a flame, namely acombustible gas and a gas adapted to support combustion. When combustion does take place within the pipe it is necessa to immediatelycut off the supply of as, sinceotherwise the pi will rapidly, me t under the action ofthemternal flame. Blow-pipes are frequently rendered uselessby the occurrence of combustion withinthe n, more particularly if provided with an aspirator or-other device for preventing the propagation of the flame to the reservoirsfrom which the 'gases are supplied.

Reduction of the velocity of the gas, liableto produce internal combustion, may acc1-. dentally occur through numerous causes. In

many cases it is, due to the factfthat the'}.-

operafipr places the end of the blow-pipe too near t 6 article which he is'soldering, so that small scoriaa orparticles of iron are projected. toward the orifice of the p pe. Another cause liable to produce the same effect is the" temperature of ignition.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented'lliarch'l6, 19 09. Application filed October 12, 1905. Serial no. 232,400.

that the indie-rubber tube throu h wincn gas is supplied isaccidentally trod en on, or that the regulators fail to act properly, or the like. Small accidents of this nature, which are of comparatively frequent occurrence,more particularly ifpowerful ga s'cur-' rents are used, greatly impede the working, alarm the operator, involve delay andinjury to the work, and in many cases destroy the blow-pipe.

The object of the presentinvention is to.

' rest, the flame due to the combustion of the said gas is propagated from one end of the tube to the other with a certain definite velocity. It'is also known that if the explosive mixture is traveling with a certain velocity in the direction of the axis of the tube, the said flame will not be propagated in the opposite direction unless its normal velocity of propagation is greater than thevelocity at which the gas is traveling. It is also known that a flame becomes extinguished when the quantity of heat generated by the combustion is insuflicient .to raise the gases produced by the flame,

or in contact with the latter, to a temperature which exceeds the' temperature of ignition of the gaseous mixture. ,If the temperature of the flame falls below thetemperature of ignition the flame becomes extinguished. For extinguishing a flame it is, therefore, suflicient to cool the said flame.

In order to effect this, thefflame is, according to the present invention placed in a' medium which rapidly absorbs the heat generated and thus lowers the temperature to below For carrying out the invention in practice the apparatus illustrated in the annexed drawing is used, Figure 1 beinga longitudinal section and Fig. 2 an end-view'theredii The two gases, one combustible th other adapted to support combustr'on, Jam

the gas-mixture to the burner or blowepipel I through separate tubes 1 land toward the outlet The at to a mixing chamber-3 .formedbya coiled tube. The capacity of the mixiugchamber is such that the velocity of the gasespassing through is small, and the said capacity is so calculated, with reference 'to ,the quantity of 'gaswhich? passes through. the apparatus;

that the complete combustion of. the gas can take place vduring the travel of the latter from the entrance to the exit of the coil. The latter is placed in a box creasing. filled with water or other liquid adaptedto" rapridly absorb heat.- he mixin tube 3 consists of thin copper or iron, whic rapidly, transmits the heat.

', The coil terminates in a tube 5 to which is joined a flexible tube: atlaptedto conduct Between-the tube 5 andv the coil'3' there is inserted a separator-6 provided withfa' discharge cock 7 which allows of drawing ofi the water formed in the mixing tube 3.

bustible gasis thus burned within the coil at the. samerate as it enters the .latter.: The

Ifj the flame flashes back to the tube, its propagationceases-at the latter,

since the gases do not mingle with each other until they reach the said tube. The comflaine'is not propagated beyond the coil since the capacity of the latter is such tha'tgas en- .itermg from the tubes 1 and 2, is completely observed that the present inventiondo'es not burned by the time it arrives-at 5. Itwill be purport to: absolutely preventthe flame 10 her 3 is, therefore, notanalogous to capillary striking back. On the contrary, theflame "tubes, etc., which have hitherto been proposed to preventfthe "flame from striking 'ack. The present mixing-chamber 3 reallyserves two entirely separate functions. The

initial part of the chamber where it joins the :inlet pipes'1-andf2 may be termed a flame zone, and the subsequent part of the chamber to reduce the temperature below the combustion point. But during this minute iiitrval 'tjlie intensely :heate'd products of v to burn up. the rubber hose eonneeted at 5, ndh efi hs b e Pip J The c h g ac eomhustion must be taken care asn'ot eernplishegfl by the cooling zone-of the flame chamber-which the portion extends, containing coelinglidui'd, :separategas ant I pre ented;

e la

tubeandbumer will, therefore, only contain cooled products of combustion and whatever combustible gas or. oxygen-was present in exgenerates a certain quantity of heat. however, to the large surface-area of the ce ssi The flame thus localized in' the coil Owing,

tube walls and to the slight thickness of the I latteryand also thepresence of a volume of water at a com aratively low temperature,

this heat is rapi 1y absorbed, so that the tem-- perature of the flame falls belowthe t emperature of ignition, and the flame becomes extin 'ished. The extinction of the. flame is, 'in act, practically instantaneous, f If, during'the use of the blow-pipe, the

flame strikes back into the latter, a slight ex-.

plosionitakes place, the flame reaches the mixing tube. and immediately becomes exgas and air or oxygen, which, continue .150

flow to the mixing tubqdrive out of. the lattin'guished in, the "latter; Thebombustible' ten the products of combustion and then pass i through the" burner, so that-they come into contactwith the hot solder or the like,*an( l are by thismeans-re-ignited. The-blow pipe thus continues to act-normally, endless than fie'cond limpses-between thestriking' Y back of'the-fleme, and there-ignition of the .gasmixtnre. The striking back-of the flame is, under these conditions.,-notfan"incident of any importance or inconvnienceand it remains practically -'unnoti ced,'-'.em t that -a" slight explosion may be heardl- ,ithis inei-J dent'is repeated several times inirapid-suo- 1 cession, and if the water surrounding the. mixing-tubedoes not circulate,- the said water may, become heated to. such an extent that it incapable of reducing the temperature '0. t e lg'uishmg the latter. The flame then 0011- flgzme' to'the degree required forex'tintinues to burn but the combustion within the mixing tube does Y not cause 1, any damage ,whatever and merelyeva orates'the water in thecoolingchamber; T e blow-pipe in that a case, however, ceases to act,si1ice only burned n gases are supplied to the burner; The coerce tor must,-'therefore, temporarily cut off ,the- I v I the ad. vantage. that it entirely removes the incon-.

supply of gas, and then re-start the suppl as f soon 'as the flame has. become extinguis ed, whereupon the mixture can be reignited and the blow-pipewill' again act normally.

The improvedapparatus-thus has venience and danger arising. from internal.

combustion withinthe apparatus. The over heating otthe latter, the deterioration of the. parts, th buu ineofthe indlacrr erjtubing,

and .thelinterruptioi In edema e discuss time, albeit of work, are thus eriiat em rie 3 air fillets, a chamber with thin met-a1 walls I In testimony whereof I have signed my wholly included Within said box and having a- I nameto this specification in the presence of 1.0

trensverse sectional area which diminishes two subscribing Witnesses.

continuously from end to end, said chamber .v T being joined to said inlets at its la rge end, FELLX JOTTRADD' and a single outlet passage extending from the small end of said chamber and issuing from the box.

' Witnesses: 3

. GEo. W ROOSEVELT, GREGORY PHELAN. 

